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Studies on the topics of the newsletter.

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We stand our ground! L-arginine and citrulline

Study

The Effects of Oral l-Arginine and l-Citrulline Supplementation on Blood Pressure
David Khalaf, Marcus Krüger, Markus Wehland, Manfred Infanger, Daniela Grimm

Abstracts: Nitric oxide is known as a vasodilator. It is produced in the endothelium by the enzyme endothelial NO synthetase (NOS). Insufficient NO production is associated with elevated blood pressure in both human and animal studies. The review examines whether the amino acids arginine and citrulline can effectively lower blood pressure. Both amino acids are potential substrates for eNOS. The current data show that oral intake lowers blood pressure comparable to dietary changes and exercise.

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Study

Serum selenium concentrations and risk of all-cause and heart disease mortality among individuals with type 2 diabetes
Zixin Qiu, Tingting Geng, Zhenzhen Wan , Qi Lu , Jingyu Guo , Liegang Liu , An Pan , Gang Liu

Abstracts: The study investigated the association between serum selenium concentrations and mortality risk in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Data from 3199 participants were analyzed, including 1693 deaths during an average follow-up period of 12.6 years. Higher selenium levels were associated with lower all-cause mortality (64% lower risk) and heart disease mortality (66% lower risk). This association persisted even after accounting for factors such as age, gender, smoking status and duration of diabetes. In fact, a linear dose-response relationship was even found between serum Selenium and mortality. The results suggest that a higher selenium concentration in T2D patients is associated with lower mortality. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.

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Study

Selenium concentration is associated with occurrence and diagnosis of three cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Liu Yang et al, J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022 Mar, DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126908

Abstract : The meta-analysis investigated the association between selenium levels and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) such as heart failure (HF), myocardial infarction (MI) and coronary heart disease (CHD). From 49 studies with 61 cohorts, it was concluded that selenium levels are significantly lower in HI, MI and CHD patients compared to Health. This could indicate a contribution of Selenium to CHD. The analysis also showed that selenium levels could be useful as a diagnostic marker for MI. However, further research is needed to confirm the results and to better understand the role of Selenium in CAD prevention.

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Study

The role of selenium in thyroid hormone metabolism and effects of selenium deficiency on thyroid hormone and iodine metabolism
J R Arthur, F Nicol, G J Beckett

Abstract: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is emerging as the most common chronic liver disease and is characterized by a broad spectrum of fatty liver disorders that can lead to severe liver disease and cirrhosis. Inflammation and oxidative stress are the main risk factors involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Currently, there is no consensus on the pharmacologic treatment of NAFLD. However, lifestyle interventions based on exercise and a balanced diet for quality and quantity are considered the cornerstone of NAFLD management. The Mediterranean diet (MD), rich in polyunsaturated fats, polyphenols, vitamins and carotenoids, with its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, has been suggested to be effective in the prevention of cardiovascular risk factors.

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